OSCILLATIONS OF DRY AIR IN THE ATMOSPHERE

Introduction. The article examines the influence of the terrain and the daily rotation of the Earth on the oscillatory processes in the atmosphere. It is shown that as a result of the superposition of two oscillatory processes, caused both by natural oscillations and forced, due to the daily rotation of the Earth, they lead to beats and resonance. Materials and research methods. Oscillations in the atmosphere, which was initially in a state of static, caused by the initial temperature rise near the earth's surface, the terrain, and the Earth's daily rotation are considered. To describe them, a system is used, which includes the equation of motion in the form of Euler and expressions that take into account the distribution of temperature and air pressure with height. Without taking into account the daily rotation of the Earth, we obtain the simplest equations of oscillations. It is shown that the initial conditions are determined by the temperature rise near the earth's surface and the terrain (orography). As another example, we consider the case when the rotation of the Earth around its axis leads to significant periodic changes in temperature. Research results and their discussion. At the first stage, the analysis of solutions to the equations of oscillations is carried out without taking into account the influence of the diurnal rotation of the Earth, with an emphasis on orography. Near an inclined surface, air particles receive an additional impulse, which leads to an increase in the amplitude of fluctuations in the speed and temperature of the air flow. The second stage is to obtain a solution for oscillatory processes, when daily changes in air temperature are taken into account. If the Brent-Vaisala frequency coincides with the frequency of the Earth's daily rotation or their difference is insigniicant, then such phenomena as resonance or beats occur. Conclusions. It is shown that in a standard atmosphere the axial rotation of the planet does not affect the oscillatory processes in the atmosphere, while the terrain relief is taken into account. However, there is a case when the difference between the above frequencies is extremely small or zero (this is possible at Ау << Ау_станд). Then there is an increase in the amplitude of the oscillations, i.e. beating or resonance. In these cases, orography can be disregarded: when considering luctuations in speed and temperatures: dynamic heating turns out to be very small, and the natural amplitudes of the velocity are much higher than the velocities of vertical air flows caused by the relief.

Brent-Vaisal frequency, temperature difference, temperature gradient difference, dynamic heating, velocity, ascending lows, amplitude, beats, resonance

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