Preview

Science. Innovations. Technologies

Advanced search

THE ETHNIC CARD OF THE KARACHAYEVO-CHERKES REPUBLIC: THE SECOND HALF XX THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY

Abstract

Introduction: Karachay-Cherkessia is a type of regions in which there is an active change in the ethnic structure of the population. Over the past 50 years, there have been changes in proportions in the ethnic structure of the region's population, as well as changes in the geography of the resettlement of the titular ethnic groups of the republic. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the resettlement of titular ethnic groups in Karachaevo-Cherkessia in the second half of the XX century and at the beginning of the 21st century. Materials and methods of research: author's GIS: "Mountainous settlement of the North Caucasus" and "Atlas Information System" Settlement of Peoples in Russia "were used. Cartographic methods and methods are applied as well as the method of statistical analysis, the Comparative method. The multiscale approach is the key, allowed to study the ethnic structure in general in the republic and at the level of individual municipalities. The results of the research and their discussion: the work details the resettlement of 5 titular ethnic groups of the Republic of Karachaevo-Cherkessia: Abazin, Karachais, Nogais, Russians, Circassians. The analysis is presented for the periods: Soviet from 1959 to 1989 and post-Soviet from 1989 to 2010. A significant place is given to the peculiarities of changing ethnic proportions at the level of municipal districts, as well as events and processes that to varying degrees contributed to a change in the ethnic structure of the population of the republic. The authors consider the features of the involvement of the titular ethnic groups of Karachay-Cherkessia in urbanization processes. The main conclusions and discussion: the authors made a number of conclusions, including that the ethnic structure of the population, and with it the geography of the settlement of ethnic groups in Karachaevo-Cherkessia during the second half of the XXth century beginning of the 21st century, changed under the influence of the growth (reduction) in the number of individual ethnic groups. The growth in numbers was due to active demographic processes, primarily among the Karachais, and to a lesser extent the Abazin, Circassians, and Nogais, against this background active migration processes - the departure of Russians outside the republic in the post-Soviet period inluenced their decline in numbers. Karachaevtsy quite actively expanded their settlement area, primarily due to the municipal districts, the compact residence of Russians. Circassians, Abazins and Nogais practically do not expand their settlement area; in the post-Soviet period, the Abazin and Nogai people have an increased concentration of populations in the settlements that make up the traditional area of their resettlement. At the present stage there is an active involvement of the titular ethnoses of the republic in urbanization processes.

About the Authors

Alexander Alexandrovich Cherkasov
North-Caucasus Federal University
Russian Federation


Irina Vladimirovna Chernova
North-Caucasus Federal University
Russian Federation


References

1. Аргунова Ж.А. Демографические процессы и их регулирование в Карачаево-Черкесской Республике: дис.. кандидата экономических наук. Ставрополь, 2007. 223 с.: ил.

2. Апажева Е.Х. Межнациональные отношения в процессах общественной трансформации в этнически родственных Республиках Северного Кавказа (Кабардино-Балкария, Карачаево-Черкесия, Республика Адыгея). 1985-2000 гг.: дис.. доктора исторических наук: Владикавказ, 2003. 390 с.

3. Белозеров В.С., Белозерова Л.П., Турун П.П. Эволюция расселения Ставрополья и Карачаево-Черкесии. М.; Ставрополь, 1993. 210 с.

4. Белозеров В.С. Этническая карта Северного Кавказа: монография. М., 2005. 304 с.

5. Волкова Н.Г. Миграция и этнокультурная адаптация горцев в условиях равнинного Кавказа (XIX-XX вв.) // Этнические процессы в современном мире. М., 1987. С. 125-143.

6. Лаппо Г.М. Поселки городского типа Российской Федерации: место в урбанистической и территориально-урбанистической структурах страны, новые тенденции развития / Г.М. Лаппо // Проблемы населения и рынков труда России и Кавказского региона. - Москва - Ставрополь: Изд-во СГУ, 1998. 176 с.

7. Панин А.Н., Белозеров В.С., Фурщик М.А., Приходько Р.А., Черкасов А.А., Махмудов Р.К., Клементьев Ю.В., Антипов С.О. Русский барометр Северного Кавказа // ArcReview. 2015. 1(72)

8. Полян П.М. Не по своей воле.. История и география принудительных миграций в СССР М.: Изд-во "ОГИ-Мемориал", 2001. 328 с.

9. Трифонова З.А. Особенности этнокультурной среды в столицах и городах национально-территориальных образований России / З.А. Трифонова // Региональные исследования. Смоленск, 2006. №1. С. 22-28.

10. Цуциев А.А. Атлас этнополитической истории Кавказа (17742004). М.: Европа, 2006. 128 с.

11. Черкасов А.А. Этнические аспекты урбанизации в России. Ставрополь: изд-во ФОК-Юг, 2016. 240 с.: ил.

12. Черкасов А.А. Мониторинг этнических аспектов урбанизации в России на основе ГИС-технологий / дис.канд. геогр. Ставрополь, 2013.

13. Чернова И.В. Миграционная подвижность в сельской местности республики Карачаево-Черкесия / И.В. Чернова // Наука. Инновации. Технологии. 2013. №4. С. 71-81.

14. Чернова И.В. Геоинформационный анализ эволюции расселения Республик Северного Кавказа / П.П. Турун, И.В. Чернова // ИнтерКарто/ИнтерГИС-21. Устойчивое развитие территорий: картографо-геоинформационное обеспечение: материалы международной научной конференции. Краснодар: Кубанский гос. ун-т, 2015. 653 с. С.149-153.

15. Территориальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Карачаево-Черкесской Республике [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: http://kchrstat.gks.ru/default.aspx, свободный.


Review

For citations:


Cherkasov A.A., Chernova I.V. THE ETHNIC CARD OF THE KARACHAYEVO-CHERKES REPUBLIC: THE SECOND HALF XX THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY. Science. Innovations. Technologies. 2018;(3):165-180. (In Russ.)

Views: 61


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2308-4758 (Print)