PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF POROUS STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF THERMALLY MODIFIED SORBENTS FOR WASTEWATER PURIFICATION

Introduction: the article raises the current complex problem of environmental pollution with technogene waste and its component - the search for effective methods of wastewater treatment from oil and its products. The authors propose to use the perspective of sorption technology. The range of sorption materials from year to year is steadily expanding, however the deterrent factors of their widespread introduction are the high cost, not always optimal performance, environmental safety of disposal of saturated absorbers. The article assesses the prospects of using sorbents based on plant waste for wastewater purification from oil pollution. A clear understanding of the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the raw materials is a necessary condition for determining the rational ways of their processing. Thermal modification of raw materials allows giving the sorbents the performance characteristics required for a particular type of pollution. The aim of the work was to study the influence of sorbent production conditions on their ability to purify water from oil pollution. Materials and methods of research: the raw material for the research was sunflower husk subjected to carbonization in oxygen-free conditions. The methods of thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption were used. For the assessment of operational properties of sorbents thermomodification applied weighting methods. Research results and discussion: the thermogram of decomposition of sunflower husk, giving an idea of the features of the thermal decomposition of plant waste in the range of 150-700 °С. The values of yield, buoyancy, oil and water adsorption of sorbents, worked out in the temperature range from 200 to 600 °С, determined the value of their surface , the features of the porous structure, allowing to consider the optimal carbonation at 300400 °С. Conclusions: the porous structure of sorbents has a direct impact on their performance properties. Large-scale absorbers are necessary for effective treatment of waste water from oil pollution. Carbonation of plant raw materials leads to an increase in the sorption surface, its hydrophobization. The practical significance of the perspective of the use of sorbents on the basis of wastes for purification of wastewater from different types of pollutants.

сорбенты, отходы, очистка сточных вод, карбонизация, сорбционные характеристики, sorbents, waste, wastewater purification, carbonization, sorption characteristics

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