NATURAL FOCI OF TULAREMIA IN THE STAVROPOL REGION

Introduction. In recent years, on the territory of the Stavropol region there is a tense situation with many natural focal infections-tularemia, tick-borne encephalitis, leptospirosis and others. The causative agents of these human diseases live in local biocenoses, however, there are also infectious (West Nile fever). Identification of natural foci, monitoring of their epizootic activity and determining the level of risk of infection of people are necessary for the adoption of certain preventive measures to protect the population of the region. As without a full system of monitoring the situation in nature, the risks of epidemiological disasters will increase every year [1 ]. Materials and methods of research. The collection of material was carried out in various regions of the Central Caucasus in 2014-2019 during this period we worked 7800 traps/day, caught 571 specimens of mouse-like rodents. In time of the catching rodents used conventional Zoological and parasitological methods. Observations of the number of small mammals (MM) -one of the main components of epizootological survey, which was carried out on the basis of various methods of quantitative accounting Mm. Meanwhile, the focus was on the examination skird some of ometov, structures, surrounded by natural habitats, and thickets of bushes, hills and ravines, plots of ruderale vegetation, agriculture crops, forests, aquatic biotopes, colonies of rodents, abandoned and temporarily used buildings, and other places of high risk of human infection with tularemia, leptospirosis, HFRS (recreation areas, places of agricultural products, etc.) Results and Discussion. For 10 months of 2019 in the Stavropol region cases of tularemia are not registered, for the same period of 2018 registered 2 cases. In the study of bacteriological method 50 samples of Ixodes mites (583 individuals), 172 samples of small mammals (606 individuals), 5 samples of water, 5 samples of hay, the culture of the causative agent of tularemia was not isolated. During the speciied period, 158 samples from small mammals (dry drop of blood from 158 individuals) were examined by serological method (RNGA), as a result, antibodies to the pathogen tularemia were found in 28 samples from 7 regions. Conclusion. On the basis of epidemiological, epizootological and laboratory studies, it can be concluded that the activity of the natural focus of tularemia on the territory of Stavropol Krai is preserved. In places of the greatest concentration of rodents local epizootics are possible, sporadic morbidity of people is not excluded.

natural focus, the causative agent of tularemia, small mammal, epizootic signii- cance

1. Вержуцкий Д.Б. Современное состояние зоологической работы по обеспечению эпидемиологического благополучия России // Байкальский зоологический журнал. 2013.

2. Малышева Н.С., Гладких К.А. Кровососущие комары (Diptera: Culicidae) как возможное звено в трансмиссии возбудителей некоторых заболеваний человека на территории Курской области // Электронный научный журнал Курского государственного университета 2014.

3. Степин А.Ю. Кровососущие комары (Diptera: Culicidae) Оренбургской области // Уфа. 2002. 83 с.

4. Попов П.Н. и др. Эпизоотическая активность природного очага туляремии в Ставропольском крае // Инфекционные болезни 2011. 44 с.

5. Кудрявцева Т.Ю. и др. Туляремия: актуальные вопросы и прогноз эпидемической ситуации на территории Российской Федерации в 2018 г. // Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2018, вып. 1. 22 с

6. Левченко Б.И. и др. Роль отдельных видов мелких млекопитающих в поддержании природной очаговости на территории лесостепной части природного очага туляремии Ставропольского края // Проблемы особо опасных инфекций, вып. 3, 2014. 30 с.

7. Тихенко Н.И. и др. Эпизоотическое значение землероек белозубок в природном очаге туляремии степного типа в Ставропольском крае // Медицинская паразитология и паразитарные болезни 2001. № 2. С. 46-48.

8. Транквилевский Д.В. и др. Вопросы организации мониторинга природных очагов инфекций опасных для человека: планирование, проведение и анализ результатов полевых наблюдений // Эпидемиология № 8 (257) 2015. 38 с.