Prevention, detection, localization of emergency situations in the early stages of their occurrence and distribution is relevant problem in the modern world. Russia differs from other countries in the world a vast territory and a low average population density, so the labour resources is not enough to meet these goals. Unmanned aerial vehicles may to solve this problem. The article discusses correlation-extremal systems in control for drones and analyzes the differential method of determining the extremum in the on-Board discriminators - economical from the point of view of the resource requirements of an onboard computer and performance, allowing to solve tasks in real time. The computer analysis demonstrated the presence of methodological errors that need to be considered in the design of airborne tracking systems (correlators) drones. Knowledge of the causes of methodical errors in the channels of the differential correlator makes it possible to develop measures for their compensation, using for the sensors of unmanned aerial vehicles the positive qualities of this method.

Propose a method of numerical solution integral equations of the first kind. This assumes that the source data in the equation can be set approximately with errors, and the integral equation kernel may have features that leads to the formulation of so-called ill-posed problems. This in turn requires the construction of regularizing algorithms in accordance with the theory of solving ill-posed problems of computational mathematics. The solution to this problem is of primary importance in computational mathematics, hence its relevance. The paper describes the formulation of the problem, highlighting the existing problems that need to be resolved, developed and validated a suitable numerical method. It uses the theoretical bases and methods of functional analysis, computational mathematics, theory of solution of incorrectly formulated problems of the theory of calculus of variations and optimization methods. The work also examines the possibility of applying this method to the solution of the corresponding three-dimensional problem. When building a computing method performed, we state the corresponding variational problem, which is then solved by the method of steepest descent, the construction of the regularizing algorithm. In the end, the developed numerical method and algorithm allow to obtain a stable solution of the original problem taking into account the errors in the original data, which corresponds to a practical situation simulation of processes in specific applications.

The theory allowing to describe possible free surface shapes of the magnetic fluid surrounding the thin flat magnetizable plate with infinite magnetic susceptibility is presented. In order to solve the Maxwell's equations and hydrostatics equation for magnetic fluid together with appropriate boundary conditions at the magnetic luid free surface the methods of the theory of complex variable are used. Distribution of the magnetic field and pressure in the magnetic fluid surrounding the plate are found. The equation describing the free surface shapes of the magnetic fluid is derived. The graphs of the free surface shapes of the magnetic fluid near the plate are given for various values of the volume of the fluid surrounding the plate. The angle between the plate and the applied external magnetic field vector in infinity is supposed to be equal to zero, 90°, 45° and 135°. The free surface shapes are shown to be dependent on the plate size, its orientation relative to the applied magnetic field vector, magnitude of the magnetic field and the magnetic fluid volume surrounding the plate. It is shown that the small volumes of the magnetic fluid is concentrated near the edges of the plate in the form of drops. As the fluid volume increases the size of the drops increases too. At the certain critical magnetic fluid volume the drops are linked at the certain distance from the plate. Near I he central part of plate the vapor cavities are being formed. The size of the cavities is decreasing when the luid volume is increasing.

The paper considers the use of wavelet filters based on the residue number system for complex improvement of the technical characteristics of wavelet signal processing devices using the residue number system. An important problem in the practical use of systems with low power consumption are signal distortions, that can significantly affect the quality of the signal being processed and cause an error in the operation of the system. The concept of implementing digital devices based on the residue number system and wavelet processing of signals is proposed with the aim of increasing the speed and reducing power consumption. Modeling on programmable logic integrated circuits of various families is carried out. The proposed concept allows to improve energy consumption parameters by 24% and speed by 21% for digital ilters in systems with low power consumption based on the residue numbersystem.

On the basis of GIS technologies, the transport accessibility of the ten most visited ski resorts in Russia was analyzed: Sheregesh, Krasnaya Polyana, Sorochany, Dombai, Igor, Bobrovy Log, Elbrus, Solar Valley, Sviyazhsky Hills, Arkhyz. For each resort built transport access zones: from one to five hours. The analysis of population size of transport accessibility living in each of the zones is carried out. The formula of the potential of tourist demand is derived, which takes into account the time index in the way by car to the ski resorts. Based on the received formula, the potential of tourist demand was analyzed and three groups of ski resorts were identi-ied: c high, medium and low demand. Problems are identiied and the most promising areas for the development of ski tourism are identiied.

The multinational structure of the population of Dagestan objectively causes need to lead effective state national policy. In the political sphere it has led to creation of system of informal ethnic hierarchy in public authorities which in modern conditions demands its modernization. Still open is a question of real, but not formal allocation Dagestan's autochthonous minorities. Important problem is presence of the divided ethnoses by frontier with Azerbaijan. With a growth of a share of autochthonous ethnoses in the population of Dagestan there is strengthening of their migratory outflow from Republic. Mass migratory outflow and depopulation of the Russian population have led to practical elimination of once representatively Russian community in Dagestan.

The analysis of the current regional distribution of foreign students in the North Caucasus is presented in the article, regions with a large number and high dynamics of students from foreign countries and regions where this process is still at the stage of formation are identified. This territory is new for mass educational abroad migration, mainly from the countries of Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa. The position of the North Caucasus Federal District on the Russian map of foreign students is shown. The main features of the host local North Caucasian community are determined, the main one is the population' polyethnicity of all the educational centers of the macroregion, which gives certain distinctiveness to the perception of foreign students by local residents. Based on the results of sociological research, the peculiarities of foreign students' adaptation in the North Caucasus are analyzed on the example of the North Caucasus Federal University. The main problem is the language barrier, with which representatives from different countries cope with varying degrees of success. The most advanced in this regard are immigrants from the countries of the post-Soviet space. From the solution of this problem, other aspects of adaptation like socio-cultural dialogue, relations with authorities and service structures, teachers and other students, and in general, the getting of competent higher education and the required qualification are depended on.

The main stages of the reintroduction of reindeer in the territory of Stavropol region. Reveals the historical, landscape and environmental principles in the location of prey. Given the ecological characteristics of Roe deer, red and Sika deer. Considers the current state reintroducing species of the family Cervidae. Analyzed the population dynamics of deer over a five year period (2013-2017) in natural reserves of the region. The calculation of the optimal number of the studied species for the protected areas of the Stavropol territory for the first class of bonitet land. Analyzed regulatory permissible withdrawal of hunting resources and methods of their calculations. The calculations suggested ways to streamline the number of reintroducing species for the protected areas: «Safonova a summer residence», «Strizhament» and «Alexander». The main measures for the redistribution of livestock is proposed as an opportunity to expand the area of the existing enclosures in the direction of increasing the area of forest land, and resettlement to other areas of the sanctuaries.

The article gives a brief analysis of technical features of automated meteorological radars by means of which radar constant data (Сλi) for three channels - λ1 = 3,2 cm, λ2 = 10,3 cm, λ3 = 5,6 cm, were calculated according to the instrumentation measurements. Taking into account the wave-length, by means of Сλi the specific particle backscattering area of cloud and weather precipitation (later CWP) ηλ, сm-1 was calculated, and without taking into account the wave-length - radar reflection of CWP (Z, mm6 ∙ m-3) at different units. Tables connecting ηλi and Z that may be used for converting the value of ηλ into the value of Z and vice-versa have been compiled. The obtained results can be applied for planning and implementing projects on affecting hailing and man-made increasing of cloud precipitation; perfecting the present and developing the new ones: radar criteria of hail risk of target objects and cloud suitability for artificial precipitation provoking; evaluation methods of physical and economic efficiency when executing anti-hail works as well as works on man-made precipitation increasing.

When analyzing literary data and herbarium funds, we found that 14 species of sedges grew in the coastal zone of the lake. When conducting a survey of the coastal zone of the lake, we found a decrease in the number of species of the genus. Within 2011-2017 we have not identified C. vesicaria L., C. secalina Wahlenb., C. elata All., C. paniculata L., C. disticha Huds., C. divisa Huds on the above mentioned territories. The state of populations of C. vulpina, C. pseudocyperus, C. diluta, C. acutiformis, C. melanostachya, C. riparia, C. lasiocarpa, C. hirta, C. acuta remained almost the same. A certain decrease in C. lasiocarpa, C. pseudocyperus, C. diluta population area has been determined.

Gas migration in the annulus or gas flows between the individual formations while casing of wells during pumping of the cement slurry is a very serious problem especially for wells in inhomogeneous formations and formations with abnormally high reservoir pressures. These phenomena can occur in the annulus of wells located both on land and at sea. The possibility of gas low from the reservoir into the annulus and migrate to the annulus is due to many reasons, some of them obvious and not in doubt and the other part based on assumptions either insufficient compelling interpretations of the conducted analyses of the production material or experimental studies to some extent may be questionable. The article discussed and studied the causes and nature of annulus manifestations in various mining and geological conditions, the results of researches of inluence of various factors on the tightness of the annular space and the inluence of geological, technical, mechanical, technological and physical-chemical factors on the origin of annular manifestations is analyzed. It is defined that we should recognize the geological factor in the formation of channels in the cement stone in the process of hardening as the main factor that inluenced the occurrence of complications. Based on the results of these studies the conformity of well construction technology is assessed, a scientiically based conclusion about the reasons of the annular manifestation that occurred in the operating well after completion of cementing the production casing is composed.

Due to the natural depletion of hydrocarbon reserves in the Mesozoic deposits of the majority of exploited deposits in the North Caucasus in order to further develop the oil and gas production industry in the region, active involvement in the development of the carbonate complex of the Jurassic of the Western Ciscaucasia is necessary. The construction of deep exploration wells in complicated mining and geological conditions requires the use of special technologies and technological solutions using the experience of drilling similar wells. Consideration is given to research results for improvement of return emulsions compositions with the purpose to increase their thermal stability for drilling of deep wells in the complicated mountain-geological conditions. It is recommended to increase the stability of emulsions by introducing a co-emulsifier which affects the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the emulsifier and emulsion. The mechanism of selection of co-emulsiiers for obtaining hydrophobic emulsions with thermostability up to 170 °C, the results of experimental studies, emulsion formulations and practical recommendations for treating wells with high reservoir temperatures are presented.

The paper presents the results of research made in the field of longitudinal-transverse seismic prospecting to solve a wide range of oil and gas exploration problems up to the calculation of oil and gas reserves without preliminary drilling of deep wells. In particular, the mechanisms of excitation of transverse waves and the results of experimental studies conducted in the field are considered. It is noted that transverse waves that do not possess the property of phase inversion bear important information about the internal structure of the medium under study, so it becomes necessary to study them for further use to signiicantly increase the geological and economic efficiency of seismic operations. The results of research carried out with the help of various excitation sources of seismic waves are presented, as well as the experimental dependences of the intensity of transverse waves on the magnitude of the charge.

This article raises the problem of the development of zoogeographical knowledge in the ancient East and Antiquity societies. As regards the analysis of knowledge of bio-geocenosis in the Ancient East, the images and descriptions of hieroglyphs, frescoes, tombs, figurines, etc., as well as folklore pieces were referred to. The authors found that the "biogenocenotic" theme was in demand in ancient Egypt. Generally, the scenic monuments reflected the scenes of hunting and economic activity. Based on the materials studied, it is concluded that in ancient Egypt there was Ancient Greek and Roman heritage which demonstrated attempts to systematize data on flora and fauna. The analysis of the works by Herodotus revealed the author's attempts to explain the numerical ratio of animals of different species in nature. Aristotle's works on zoogeography became an outstanding fact. A number of his researches are relevant in our time. The value of the information provided by ancient authors is based on their mobility. While traveling, they not only accumulated information about the fauna and population of animals in different territories, but made comparative geographical generalizations. The conclusions emphasize the following features: increasing knowledge of geography, compiling data on a larger number of systematic groups of animals, synchronism in the development of "biogeocenotic" views in the context of different cultures.

The Solidago genus (goldenrod) is quite rich, and its representatives are found everywhere. In Russiaб this genus includes 22 species, and on the territory of the former USSR - 26 species, which are widespread almost everywhere. In the Caucasus, there are 15 species of the Solidago genus (S. virgaurea, S. turfosa, S. talyschensis, S. caucasica, S. alpestris, S. canadensis, S. altissima, S. serotinoides, S. rupestris, S. arguta, S. neglecta, S. laevenworthii, S. odora, S. juncea, S. graminifolia), which belong to the sections Solidago, Unilateralis, Euthamia and are spread in 11 regions of the Caucasus flora. Western Ciscaucasia and North-West Transcaucasia feature 1 species each, and there are 2 to 4 species in the remaining floristic regions. The Solidago genus is most widely represented in the Western Transcaucasus - 14 species are noted. The most common is S. virgaurea, which is found in 10 regions of the Caucasus lora.

There is a zoogeographical analysis of 55 species of centipedes and millipedes of the Central Ciscaucasia. It was revealed that in the formation of the fauna of this region, the most important were species that refer to the Boreal, Mediterranean and Caucasian zoogeographic complexes. This is due to the location of the region on the border of the three subregions of the Palaearctic: the European-Siberian, Mediterranean and Central Asian. The largest number of species belongs to the endemics and subendemics of the Caucasus, which is especially pronounced in Diplopoda. The second most numerous species is the Boreal complex. The Mediterranean complex is heterogeneously represented in centipedes and millipedes: in Chilopod it contributes approximately equal to the Boreal and Caucasian complexes, while for diplopods its value is on the contrary small. The range of areas that extend beyond the Holarctic is represented by anthropochronic species.

The proposed work outlines the operational methods and technology of prospecting for mineral deposits and estimates of seismicity and environmental conditions based on the use of: 1. Modern satellite imagery of the earth's surface by means of a selection of space images to obtain a certain volume and quality of information; 2. The theoretical basis of the concept of structures of the central type, where for the first time their interpretation is used, with the allocation of geodynamic centers, compression and stretching zones, areas of their interference and nodal points; 3. A new method of landscape geoecological mapping, with the isolation of geological and tectonic environment maps, central-type structures and lineaments, as well as the main elements of landscapes (hydrosets, terrain features, soils and vegetation) and physico-geological processes. According to the proposed technology on the basis of space imagery, the main stages and results of performing scientiic research in a particular area are given.

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of forming multi-layered microcapsules containing fucoidan on matrices of different nature. As carriers was used vaterite meso-porous CaCO3 particles and polystyrene particles. As biopolymers have been used fucoidan and bovine serum albumin (BSA). Measuring the size of the obtained microcapsules was carried out using the method of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Optical microscopy and SPM was used to establish the shape of the microcapsules. The work has also identified conditions for the formation of microcapsules with the use of the Maillard reaction and the dependence of the size of the microcapsules of the nature of the media.